Research on Optimizing the Industrial and Talent Resource Allocation in Ecological Conservation Areas to Promote Farmers’ Employment and Income Growth: A Case Study of Ecological Conservation Areas in Beijing, China

The promotion of employment and income increase for farmers in ecological conservation areas face some problems, such as insufficient integration and coordination between industrial layout and human resources, and difficulty in cultivating alternative industries. The quality, ability, and professionalization level of farmers are insufficient, and it is difficult to transfer jobs for employment. There is a lack of a complete agricultural vocational education system, and effective human resources in rural areas are insufficient. The economic growth rate is slowing down, the population is aging rapidly, and the income of farmers is still the lowest, with a trend of widening the gap. The value of ecological products, ecological compensation mechanisms, and transfer payment mechanisms are unstable, and the level of marketization is relatively low. This article takes the ecological conservation zone in Beijing as an example to analyze and find that it is necessary to improve the quality and professional skills of farmers, introduce and cultivate new types of professional farmers, and promote the agglomeration of this group in the ecological conservation zone. Enhance the integration and coordination of industries and talent resources within the region, build a new agricultural industry system, and balance the sustainable maintenance of the ecological environment and the sustainable development of the economy and society. Orderly promote the relocation of farmers in areas with harsh ecological environments and strengthen the collective economy. Strengthen ecological and watershed construction, and expand platforms and channels for increasing farmers’ income. Explore a new model of integrating and coordinating regional ecological development with industrial development, and further implement policies for the development of rural green economy.