Rational Use of Medicines among Barangay Health Workers in Ligao City: A Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Study

Rational use of medicines is essential in promoting patient safety, improving treatment outcomes, reducing unnecessary health expenditures, and preventing medicine-related harm at the community level. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Barangay Health Workers in Ligao City regarding the rational use of medicines. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed among 152 accredited Barangay Health Workers using a structured self-administered questionnaire adapted from rational drug use knowledge, attitude, and practice instruments. Data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, mean percentage score, weighted mean, chi-square test, Cramer’s V, and Spearman’s rank correlation. Findings showed that respondents had a high level of knowledge on rational medicine use, with an overall mean percentage score of 94.46%. They also demonstrated favorable attitudes, with an overall mean of 3.52, interpreted as Strongly Agree, and consistent practices, with an overall mean of 3.56, interpreted as Always. However, lower scores were noted in confidence in providing medicine-related information, documentation of medicines distributed, and follow-up monitoring of patients. Training attendance was significantly associated with knowledge, while educational attainment and length of service were associated with selected attitude and practice outcomes. The findings highlight the need for continuous training, role clarification, standardized documentation, and supportive supervision to strengthen BHWs’ contribution to rational medicine use in primary health care.