Self-Care, Cultural Practices, and Adaptation in Chronic Kidney Disease Management: A Rural Philippine Case Study

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains a growing public health concern in low-resource and rural settings, where self-care capacity, cultural beliefs, and healthcare access strongly influence disease outcomes. This study examined self-care behaviors, cultural practices, and adaptive responses among patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis in a rural Philippine province. A descriptive quantitative design was used, involving 40 adult hemodialysis patients recruited from four dialysis centers. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering demographics, lifestyle-related self-care behaviors, traditional health practices, and healthcare utilization. Findings revealed mixed patterns of adaptation: while most patients reported dietary modification, regular monitoring of blood pressure and blood sugar, and engagement in physical activity, high consumption of salty and sugary foods and widespread self-medication persisted. Cultural reliance on herbal remedies and delayed consultation with nephrology specialists were common. Overall, adaptation to CKD was partial and shaped by socioeconomic constraints and cultural norms. The study underscores the need for nursing-led, culturally sensitive interventions to strengthen self-care and improve CKD management in rural communities.